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講者：何文壽教授
演講題目：New Membranes for Brackish and Sea Water Desalination
演講時間：7/2(三) 上午 10:00
演講地點：化工館工223室
主持人：王大銘教授
New Membranes for Brackish and Sea Water Desalination
W.S. Winston Ho
William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1178, USA
Phone: 614-292-9970; Fax: 614-292-3769; E-mail: ho.192@osu.edu
Abstract
This presentation covers new high-flux and fouling-resistant reverse osmosis membranes synthesized through interfacial polymerization for brackish and sea water purification. We will review and discuss the state-of-the-art membranes in the thin-film-composite (TFC) structure prepared by interfacial polymerization. Recent advances have been in high flux TFC interfacially polymerized membranes for increasing water productivity and decreasing energy consumption. We have synthesized high flux membranes by incorporating a hydrophilic additive in the aqueous amine solution during interfacial polymerization, resulting in increasing water flux significantly through an additional pathway for water transport while maintaining high salt rejection via charge repulsion. The membrane has shown 100% increase in water flux vs. the industry standard Film-Tec FT-30 membrane while maintaining a high NaCl rejection of about 99% for brackish water desalination. Initial scale-up of the membrane to commercial size has been successful. Also discussed is the fouling-resistant property of the synthesized membrane enhanced by physically coating a crosslinked polyethylene glycol layer on top of the thin film. For seawater desalination, the synthesized membranes showed a very high flux of 1.81 m3/m2/day (44.4 gallons/ft2/day (gfd)) and a salt rejection of 99.41% using 3.28% NaCl solution. The high-flux membrane was further tested using seawater from Port Hueneme, CA, and it exhibited a very good and stable desalination performance for 30 days. FTIR confirmed the good membrane stability. The membrane synthesized with hydrophilic additive showed significantly improved fouling resistance. This was confirmed by an analysis through the basic transport equation. Analysis using atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed a smoother membrane surface for the membrane incorporated with the hydrophilic additive.
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